{"id":96,"date":"2026-03-28T09:55:58","date_gmt":"2026-03-28T01:55:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/119.91.121.253\/?p=96"},"modified":"2026-04-10T16:23:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T08:23:05","slug":"%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/2026\/03\/28\/%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a02\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001ls\u6307\u4ee4\uff08list\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001#ls<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001#ls \u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3\u3001#ls \u9009\u9879 \u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#ls -l \u8def\u5f84 \uff08-l\uff1a\u8868\u793alist\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5c55\u793a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#ls -la \u8def\u5f84 \uff08-a\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff08\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff09\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#ls -lh \u8def\u5f84 \uff08\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u5176\u4e2d\u201c-\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6539\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u201cd\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6587\u6863\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<strong>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u6863\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u201c.\u201d\u5f00\u5934\u3002<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>(&#8220;.\/&#8221;\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c&#8221;..\/&#8221;\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1als\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u989c\u8272\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u5176\u4e2d\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong>\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c<strong>\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u5176\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\u62e5\u6709\u6240\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001pwd\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a#pwd \u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08print working directory\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001cd\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a#cd \u8def\u5f84 \u5207\u6362\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&#8220;~&#8221;:\u8868\u793a\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001mkdir\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a1\u3001#mkdir \u8def\u5f84 \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\uff08make directory\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001#mkdir -p \u8def\u5f84 \uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u5c42\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3\u3001#mkdir \u8def\u5f841 \u8def\u5f842 \u8def\u5f843 \u2026. \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001touch\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a#touch \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6\u3001cp\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a#cp \u88ab\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6587\u6863\u8def\u5f84 \u6587\u6863\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aLinux\u5728\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u65b0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5219\u5efa\u8bae\u4fdd\u6301\u524d\u540e\u540d\u79f0\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528cp\u547d\u4ee4\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c-r\u201d\u3010-r\u8868\u793a\u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u3011\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7\u3001mv\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a#mv \u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6587\u6863\u8def\u5f84 \u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84 \uff08move\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u526a\u5207\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u662fmv\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8\u3001rm\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a#rm \u9009\u9879 \u9700\u8981\u79fb\u9664\u7684\u6587\u6863\u8def\u5f84 \u79fb\u9664\/\u5220\u9664\u6587\u6863 \uff08remove\uff0c\u79fb\u9664\u3001\u5220\u9664\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">y\/yes \u786e\u8ba4\uff0cn\/no \u53d6\u6d88<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-f\uff1aforce\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u63d0\u793a\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-r\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u9012\u5f52<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528-rf\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u8981\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u516c\u5171\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u90fd\u4ee5Linux\u5f00\u5934<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0cLinux\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5Linux\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u5b57\u7b26\u5219\u4e0d\u7ba1\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9\u3001vim\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#vim \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84 \u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 \uff08vim\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9000\u51fa\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u4e0b\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6309\u4e0bshift+\u82f1\u6587\u5192\u53f7\uff0c\u8f93\u5165q\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u5373\u53ef<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<\/strong> <strong>&gt; \/ &gt;&gt;<\/strong> <strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&gt;\uff1a\u8986\u76d6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u6389\u539f\u5148\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&gt;&gt;\uff1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9\u672b\u5c3e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u65b0\u5efa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11\u3001cat\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f5c\u75281\uff1acat\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#cat<\/strong> <strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f5c\u75282\uff1acat\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#cat \u5f85\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f841 \u5f85\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f842 \u2026. \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84n &gt; \u5408\u5e76\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u8fdb\u9636\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001df\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#df -h -h\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u5927\u5c0f \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001free\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#free -m -m\u8868\u793a\u4ee5mb\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001head\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524dn\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9an\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u524d10\u884c\u3002 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#head -n \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 \u3010n\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001tail\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u75281\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672bn\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679cn\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u540e10\u884c \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#tail -n \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84 n\u540c\u6837\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u75282\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7tail\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u5185\u5bb9\u3010\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u6237\u624b\u52a8\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u3011 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#tail -f \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 <strong>\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001less\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u8f85\u52a9\u529f\u80fd\u952e\uff08\u6570\u5b57+\u56de\u8f66\u3001\u7a7a\u683c\u952e+\u4e0a\u4e0b\u65b9\u5411\u952e\uff09\u67e5\u770b\u66f4\u591a \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#less \u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6309\u4e0bq\u952e\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6\u3001wc\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5305\u542b\u884c\u6570\u3001\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#wc -lwc \u9700\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 -l\uff1a\u8868\u793alines\uff0c\u884c\u6570 -w\uff1a\u8868\u793awords\uff0c\u5355\u8bcd\u6570 \u4f9d\u7167\u7a7a\u683c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\u91cf -c\uff1a\u8868\u793abytes\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7\u3001date\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u65e5\u671f\uff08\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#date \u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a2018\u5e74 3\u6708 24\u65e5 \u661f\u671f\u516d 15:54:28 \u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#date +%F \uff08\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e#date \u201c+%Y-%m-%d\u201d \uff09 \u8f93\u51fa\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a2018-03-24 \u8bed\u6cd53\uff1a#date \u201c+%F %T\u201d \u5f15\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u8ba9\u201c\u5e74\u6708\u65e5\u4e0e\u65f6\u5206\u79d2\u201d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6574\u4f53<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b49\u4ef7\u64cd\u4f5c#date \u201c+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd54\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u8005\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5907\u4efd\uff09 #date -d \u201c-1 day\u201d \u201c+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u503c\uff1a+\uff08\u4e4b\u540e\uff09 \u6216\u8005 &#8211; \uff08\u4e4b\u524d\uff09 \u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u503c\uff1aday\uff08\u5929\uff09\u3001month\uff08\u6708\u4efd\uff09\u3001year\uff08\u5e74\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8\u3001cal\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e5\u5386\u7684 \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#cal \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e #cal -1 \u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u65e5\u5386 \u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#cal -3 \u8868\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708+\u672c\u6708+\u4e0b\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65e5\u5386 \u8bed\u6cd53\uff1a#cal -y \u5e74\u4efd \u8868\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u65e5\u5386<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\uff08\u91cd\u8981\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\uff1a| \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7ba1\u9053\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6269\u5c55\u5904\u7406\u201d\u3002 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\u7ba1\u9053\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408\u524d\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8f85\u52a9\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6848\u4f8b\uff08100%\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u67e5\u8be2\u51fa\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u201cy\u201d\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u6587\u6863\u540d\u79f0\u3002 <code>#ls \/ | grep y<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u4ee5\u7ba1\u9053\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u9700\u8981\u5148\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u901a \u4fd7\u7684\u8bb2\u5c31\u662f<em><strong>\u7ba1\u9053\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u9762\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165<\/strong><\/em>\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461grep\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u7279\u6b8a\u7528\u6cd5\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0less\u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u6548\u679c\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09 #cat \u8def\u5f84|less<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u6269\u5c55\u5904\u7406 \u4f8b\uff1a<strong>#ls<\/strong> <strong>\/<\/strong> <strong>| wc -l<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001hostname\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#hostname \u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d \u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#hostname -f \u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u4e2d\u7684FQDN\uff08\u5168\u9650\u5b9a\u57df\u540d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001id\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237id\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4id\uff0c\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4id\u2026\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u3002 \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#id \u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f \u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#id \u7528\u6237\u540d \u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001whoami\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u201d\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8eshell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#whoami<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001ps -ef\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6307\u4ee4\uff1aps \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f \u9009\u9879\u542b\u4e49\uff1a -e\uff1a\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u201c-A\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5217\u51fa\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b -f\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u5217\uff08\u663e\u793a\u5168\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5217\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>UID\uff1a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7528\u6237id\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>PID\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0bid\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>PPID\uff1a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7236\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0bid\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7236\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08parent process ID\uff09\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>C\uff1aCpu\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u767e\u5206\u6570\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>STIME\uff1a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>TTY\uff1a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53d1\u8d77\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u8bc6\u522b\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u663e\u793a\u201c?\u201d\u5219\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u8d77\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>TIME\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>CMD\uff1a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\uff08100%\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u5728ps\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001 #ps -ef|grep \u201c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001top\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff08100%\u4f7f\u7528\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a \u8fdb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a#top \uff08\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u793a\uff09 \u9000\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u6309\u4e0bq\u952e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8868\u5934\u542b\u4e49\uff1a PID\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0bid\uff1b USER\uff1a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1b PR\uff1a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1b VIRT\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff1b RES\uff1a\u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\uff1b SHR\uff1a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff1b \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58 = \u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\uff08RES\uff09- \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff08SHR\uff09 S\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001status\uff08sleeping\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dS\u8868\u793a\u7761\u7720\uff0cR\u8868\u793a\u8fd0\u884c\uff09\uff1b %CPU\uff1a\u8868\u793aCPU\u7684\u5360\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff1b %MEM\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5360\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff1b TIME+\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b COMMAND\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u8005\u8def\u5f84\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd0\u884ctop\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0b\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u952e\uff1a M\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u6309\u7167\u5185\u5b58\uff08MEM\uff09\u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u6309\u7167CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff1b 1\uff1a\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2acpu\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c1\u201d\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u6765\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u5c55\u793a\u663e\u793a\u5404\u4e2acpu\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6\u3001du -sh\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5927\u5c0f \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#du -sh \u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84 \u9009\u9879\u542b\u4e49\uff1a -s\uff1asummaries\uff0c\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u6c47\u603b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f -h\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7\u3001find\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u670955\u4e2a\u4e4b\u591a\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#find \u8def\u5f84\u8303\u56f4 \u9009\u9879 \u9009\u9879\u7684\u503c \u9009\u9879\uff1a -name\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u6587\u6863\u540d\u79f0\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff08\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u7cca\u641c\u7d22\uff09 -type\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u6587\u6863\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22 \u6587\u6863\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u201c-\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5728\u4f7f\u7528find\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u7528f\u6765\u66ff\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u201cd\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8\u3001service\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\/\u505c\u6b62\/\u91cd\u542f \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#service \u670d\u52a1\u540d start\/stop\/restart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9\u3001kill\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b \uff08\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u51fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#kill \u8fdb\u7a0bPID \uff08\u8bed\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408ps\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0ekill\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f46\u662f\u6bd4kill\u66f4\u52a0\u597d\u7528\u7684\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1akillall \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#killall \u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">10\u3001ifconfig\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09 \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u5361\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002 \u7b80\u5355\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#ifconfig \uff08\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u5361\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eth0\u8868\u793aLinux\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\uff0ceth0\u662f\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u3002Lo\uff08loop\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u56de\u8fd8\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u5176ip\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f127.0.0.1\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1ainet<\/strong> <strong>addr\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u5361\u7684ip\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11\u3001reboot\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#reboot \u91cd\u542f \u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#reboot -w \u6a21\u62df\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u91cd\u542f\uff08\u53ea\u5199\u5173\u673a\u4e0e\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12\u3001shutdown\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5173\u673a \uff08\u614e\u7528\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#shutdown -h now \u201c\u5173\u673a\u63d0\u793a\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#shutdown -h 15:25 \u201c\u5173\u673a\u63d0\u793a\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u5173\u673a\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a \u2460\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8ecentos7.x\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1actrl+c \u2461\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8ecentos7.x\uff08\u5305\u542b\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1a#shutdown -c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9664\u4e86shutdown\u5173\u673a\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#init 0 #halt #poweroff<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">13\u3001uptime\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5728\u7ebf\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4ece\u5f00\u673a\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#uptime<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14\u3001uname\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f \u8bed\u6cd51\uff1a#uname \u83b7\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b \u8bed\u6cd52\uff1a#uname -a all\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u83b7\u53d6\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5168\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5f00\u6e90\u8ba1\u5212\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15\u3001netstat -tnlp\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#netstat -tnlp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>-t\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u5217\u51fatcp\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>-n\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5730\u5740\u4ece\u5b57\u6bcd\u7ec4\u5408\u8f6c\u5316\u6210ip\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5c06\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u6765\u663e\u793a\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>-l\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u201cstate\uff08\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u201d\u5217\u4e2d\u5176\u503c\u4e3aLISTEN\uff08\u76d1\u542c\uff09\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff1b<\/strong> <strong>-p\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u663e\u793a\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bpid\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0\uff1b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16\u3001man\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1amanual\uff0c\u624b\u518c\uff08\u5305\u542b\u4e86Linux\u4e2d\u5168\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#man \u547d\u4ee4 \uff08\u9000\u51fa\u6309\u4e0bq\u952e\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u7ec3\u4e60<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u91cd\u542flinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f #reboot <strong>2\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u524d\/\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong> \u524d\uff1actrl + u \u540e\uff1actrl + k 3\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664\/tmp\u4e0b\u6240\u6709A\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f #rm -f \/tmp\/A* 4\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u628a\/etc\/passwd\u5907\u4efd\u5230\/tmp\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff1f #cp \/etc\/passwd \/tmp\/ 5\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u76843\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff1f #tail -3 \/etc\/passwd 6\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u8d26\u6237\uff1f #wc -l \/etc\/passwd #cat \/etc\/passwd|wc -l 7\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\/tmp\/test.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f #touch \/tmp\/test.conf 8\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7vim\u7f16\u8f91\u6253\u5f00\/tmp\/test.conf? #vim \/tmp\/test.conf 9\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\/etc\/passwd\u7684\u59343\u884c\u548c\u5c3e3\u884c\uff1f #head -3 \/etc\/passwd #tail -3 \/etc\/passwd 10\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\/text\/1\/2\/3\/4\uff1f #mkdir -p \/text\/1\/2\/3\/4 11\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1f #cd ~ #cd 12\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\/etc\u6240\u5360\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1f #du -sh \/etc 13\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664\/tmp\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f #rm -rf \/tmp\/* 14\u3001\u5c1d\u8bd5\u542f\u52a8Apache\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u3002 #service httpd start #ps -ef|grep httpd 15\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u5b66\u547d\u4ee4\u6740\u6b7bApache\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002 #killall httpd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u5173\u4e8evim\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">vi\u548cvim\u90fd\u662fLinux\u4e2d\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cvim\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u7ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3avi\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u7248\u672c\u3002vi\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4f46\u662fvim\u66f4\u9002\u7528\u4e8ecoding\uff08\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vim\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u5149\u6807\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u7c98\u8d34\uff0c\u64a4\u9500\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001vim\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vim\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\uff09\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u8f93\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3001\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5c3e\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5220\u9664\u884c\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u884c\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u5149\u6807\uff0c\u7c98\u8d34\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u3010\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u540e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3011\uff1b <strong>\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\uff1b <strong>\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672b\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u9000\u51fa\u3001\u64a4\u9500\u3001\u9ad8\u4eae\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Vim\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff084\u79cd\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5c31\u524d\u4e09\u79cd\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#vim \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong> <strong>#vim +\u6570\u5b57 \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84 \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u884c<\/strong> <strong>#vim +\/\u5173\u952e\u8bcd \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84 \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/strong> #vim \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f841 \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f842 \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f843 \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5f00\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9000\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u8f93\u5165:q\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u5373\u53ef<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u884c\u9996 \u6309\u952e\uff1ashift + 6 \u6216 ^\uff08T\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e0a\u9762\u76846\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6309\u5c0f\u952e\u76d8\u76846\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u884c\u5c3e \u6309\u952e\uff1ashift + 4 \u6216 $\uff08R\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u76844\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0f\u952e\u76d8\u76844\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u9996\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1agg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u672b\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1aG<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2464\u7ffb\u5c4f \u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u5c4f\uff1a\u6309\u952ectrl + b \uff08before\uff09 \u6216 PgUp \u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u5c4f\uff1a\u6309\u952ectrl + f \uff08after\uff09 \u6216 PgDn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u590d\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u590d\u5236\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1ayy \u7c98\u8d34\uff1a\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u7c98\u8d34\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6309\u4e0bp\u952e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u4ee5\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u51c6\uff08\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u590d\u5236\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u6570 \u6309\u952e\uff1a\u6570\u5b57yy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u590d\u5236 \u6309\u952e\uff1actrl + v\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\u5757\uff09\u6216V\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\u884c\uff09\u6216v\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b\u2191\u2193\u2190\u2192\u65b9\u5411\u952e\u6765\u9009\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u7684\u533a\u5757\uff0c\u6309\u4e0by\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6309\u4e0bp\u952e\u7c98\u8d34<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(\u6309\u4e24\u6b21Esc\u9000\u51fa)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u526a\u5207\/\u5220\u9664<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u526a\u5207\/\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1add \uff08\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4e0a\u79fb\uff09 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1add\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\u662f\u526a\u5207\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u526a\u5207\u4e86\u4e0d\u7c98\u8d34\u5c31\u662f\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u526a\u5207\/\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u51c6\uff08\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u5220\u9664\/\u526a\u5207\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1a\u6570\u5b57dd \uff08\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4e0a\u79fb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u526a\u5207\/\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4e0d\u4e0a\u79fb \u6309\u952e\uff1aD \uff08\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u540e\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5220\u9664 \u6309\u952e\uff1actrl + v\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\u5757\uff09\u6216V\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\u884c\uff09\u6216v\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\uff09\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5de6\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u6309\u4e0bD\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u9009\u4e2d\u884c\uff0cd\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9009\u4e2d\u5757<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001\u64a4\u9500\/\u6062\u590d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64a4\u9500\uff1a\u8f93\u5165:u \uff08\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09 \u6216\u8005 u \uff08undo\uff09 \u6062\u590d\uff1actrl + r \u6062\u590d\uff08\u53d6\u6d88\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u64a4\u9500\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001\u6269\u5c551\uff1a\u5149\u6807\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u79fb\u52a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u5feb\u901f\u5c06\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1a\u6570\u5b57G<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u5149\u6807\u4e3a\u51c6\u5411\u4e0a\/\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8n\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u2191\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u5149\u6807\u4e3a\u51c6\u5411\u5de6\/\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8n\u5b57\u7b26 \u6309\u952e\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u2190\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u2192<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u79fb\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c \u6309\u952e\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u82f1\u6587\u201c:\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u884c\u6570\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u95f4\u7684\u5207\u6362\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u2192\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\uff08\u82f1\u6587\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u2192\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a1\u3001\u6309\u4e00\u4e0bEsc\uff08\u7b49\u5f855\u79d2\u540e\u9000\u51fa\uff092\u3001\u6309\u4e24\u4e0bEsc 3\u3001\u5220\u9664\u672b\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u2192\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u6309\u4e0bi\u3001a\u7b49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f\u2192\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u6309\u4e00\u4e0bEsc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fdb\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u7531\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u201c:\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\/\uff08\u8868\u793a\u67e5\u627e\uff09\u201d\u5373\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165 \u9000\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a a. \u6309\u4e0besc b. \u8fde\u63092\u6b21esc\u952e c. \u5220\u9664\u672b\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u4fdd\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08write\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:w\u201d \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6 \u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:w \u8def\u5f84\u201d \u53e6\u5b58\u4e3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u9000\u51fa\uff08quit\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:q\u201d \u9000\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:wq\u201d \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u4e14\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2463\u5f3a\u5236 \uff08!\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:q!\u201d \u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u5236\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u505a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u505a\u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2464\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:!\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\u6309\u4e0b\u4efb\u610f\u952e\u56de\u5230vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2465\u641c\u7d22\/\u67e5\u627e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c\/\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u4e0a\/\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff1aN\/n \uff08next\uff09 \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u9ad8\u4eae\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:nohl\u201d\u3010no highlight\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2466\u66ff\u6362<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">:s\/\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\/\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 \u66ff\u6362\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5904\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 :s\/\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\/\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\/g \u66ff\u6362\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 :%s\/\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\/\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 \u66ff\u6362\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u6bcf\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 :%s\/\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\/\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\/g \u66ff\u6362\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">%\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 g\u8868\u793a\u5168\u5c40\uff08global\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2467\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7\uff08\u4e34\u65f6\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:set nu\u201d[number] \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u53d6\u6d88\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:set nonu\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2468\u6269\u5c552\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528vim\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5f00\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u6362\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u201c:files\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728%a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u67092\u79cd\u663e\u793a\u53ef\u80fd <strong>%a<\/strong>\uff1aa=active\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b <strong>#<\/strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5207\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>a<\/strong>. \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5207\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:open \u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b<\/strong>. \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5207\u6362\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\/\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 \u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:bn\u201d\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08back next\uff09 \u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201c:bp\u201d\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08back prev\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u70b9\u770b\u524d2\u4e2a\u8fdb\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1ai\uff08insert\uff09\u3001a\uff08after\uff09\u3002 \u9000\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u6309\u4e0besc\u952e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i\uff1a\u5728\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u63d2\u5165 a\uff1a\u5728\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u63d2\u5165<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u7740\u8272<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u8272\u663e\u793a\u4e0e\u5426\uff1f \u663e\u793a\uff1a\u201c:syntax on\u201d syntax\uff1a\u8bed\u6cd5 \u5173\u95ed\u663e\u793a\uff1a\u201c:syntax off\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001vim\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. \u8fdb\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f b. \u6309\u4e0b\u6309\u952e\u201cctrl + R\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u201c=\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5149\u6807\u4f1a\u53d8\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c c. \u8f93\u5165\u9700\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516b\u3001\u6269\u5c55\uff083\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001vim\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vim\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u3002 Vim\u914d\u7f6e\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a a. \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\uff09 b. \u4e2a\u4eba\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08~\/.vimrc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u65b0\u5efa\uff09 c. \u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08vim\u81ea\u5e26\uff0c\/etc\/vimrc\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u65b0\u5efa\u597d\u4e2a\u4eba\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u7f16\u8f91<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e \u6bd4\u5982\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7\uff1aset nu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e4b\u540evim\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u4f1a\u6c38\u8fdc\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u9488\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4eba\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u51c6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e2a\u4eba\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\uff1a\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u540e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u53bbwq\uff08\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9047\u5230\u7a81\u7136\u5173\u95ed\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u8005\u65ad\u7535\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u4ea4\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u5220\u9664\u6389\u5373\u53ef #rm -f .passwd.swp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u522b\u540d\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5b9e\u7528\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u522b\u540d\u673a\u5236\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a~\/.bashrc #vim ~\/.bashrc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u65b0\u521b\u9020\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001\u9000\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56de\u987e\uff1a\u4e4b\u524dvim\u4e2d\u9000\u51fa\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c:q\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c:wq\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cvim\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c:x\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u201c:x\u201d\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8868\u793a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\uff1b \u2461\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f7f\u7528wq\u8fdb\u884c\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528x\u8fdb\u884c\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\uff1b\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4f1a\u6df7\u6dc6\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u4ee5\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u201c:x\u201d\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u3002 <strong>\u4f46\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528X\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528X\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528X\uff0cX\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u81ea\u6709\u670d\u52a1\uff081\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u6709\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u72ec\u7acb\u53bb\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728linux\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1ainit \uff08initialize\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0bid\u662f1\u3002 \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a#ps -ef|grep init<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1ainittab\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\/etc\/inittab\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\uff0cCentos6.5\u4e2d\u5b58\u57287\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\/\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">0 \u2014 \u8868\u793a\u5173\u673a\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\uff09 1 \u2014 \u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f 2 \u2014 \u591a\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e26NFS\uff08Network File Syetem\uff09 3 \u2014 \u591a\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u4e0d\u5e26\u684c\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u7eaf\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09 4 \u2014 \u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09 5 \u2014 X11\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762\u6a21\u5f0f 6 \u2014 \u8868\u793a\u91cd\u542f\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0e\u8be5\u7ea7\u522b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#init 0 \u8868\u793a\u5173\u673a #init 3 \u8868\u793a\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0d\u5e26\u684c\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f #init 5 \u5207\u6362\u5230\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762 #init 6 \u91cd\u542f\u7535\u8111<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1ainit\u6307\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u7684init\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff09\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53bb\u8bfb\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7eaf\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff08\u4e34\u65f6\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u6062\u590d\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#init 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5207\u6362\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u201c*\u201d\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u786e\u8ba4\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u56de\u5230\u684c\u9762\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#init 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\/etc\/inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684initdefault\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u62103\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6c38\u4e45\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\/etc\/inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684initdefault\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u62103\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002(centos 6)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>systemctl set-default multi-user.target<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>systemctl get-default (\u9a8c\u8bc1)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>systemctl set-default graphical.target<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002 \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a \/etc\/passwd \u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f \/etc\/group \u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f \/etc\/shadow \u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#useradd \u9009\u9879 \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a <strong>-g<\/strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u7ec4\uff0c\u9009\u9879\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684id\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7ec4\u540d <strong>-G<\/strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff0c\u9009\u9879\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684id\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7ec4\u540d <strong>-u<\/strong>\uff1auid\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684id\uff08\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff09\uff0c<strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u4ece500\u4e4b\u540e\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5206\u914duid<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u914d\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u3010\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u817e\u8bafQQ\u7684\u81ea\u9009\u9753\u53f7\u60c5\u51b5\u3011 -c comment\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff1a a. \u9a8c\u8bc1\/etc\/passwd\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709zhangsan\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b b. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u5728Centos\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u540e\u968f\u4e4b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u8ba4\u8bc6passwd\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7528\u6237\u540d:\u5bc6\u7801:\u7528\u6237ID:\u7528\u6237\u7ec4ID:\u6ce8\u91ca:\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55:\u89e3\u91ca\u5668shell<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u540e\u671f\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\uff1b \u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u6b64\u5bc6\u7801\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u662f\u201cx\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5360\u4f4d\uff1b \u7528\u6237ID\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u7b26\uff1b \u7528\u6237\u7ec4ID\uff1a\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u4e3b\u7ec4ID\uff1b \u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a\u89e3\u91ca\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u7684\uff1b \u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b \u89e3\u91ca\u5668shell\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5185\u6838\u5904\u7406\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0\u9009\u9879\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6267\u884cuseradd\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c a. \u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1b b. \u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bpasswd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bgroup\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#usermod \u9009\u9879 \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Usermod\uff1auser modify\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a-g\u3001-G\u3001-u\uff0c <strong>-l\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#usermod -l \u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d \u65e7\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Linux\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u6ca1\u6709\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u524d\u9762\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u524d\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u9501\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u767b\u5f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#passwd \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8f93\u5165\u63d0\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u653e\u5fc3\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u6b21\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a#su [\u7528\u6237\u540d] \uff08switch user\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a a. <strong>\u4eceroot\u5f80\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53cd\u4e4b\u5219\u9700\u8981root\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b b. \u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u540e\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff1b c. \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95eeroot\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53cd\u4e4b\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2463\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#userdel \u9009\u9879 \u7528\u6237\u540d Userdel\uff1auser delete\uff08\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664\uff09 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a -r\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5176\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u63d0\u793a\u5220\u9664\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u7c97\u66b4\uff0ckill\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#ps -ef|grep \u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001 #kill \u7f16\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8ddf\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u9664passwd\u5916\uff09\u53ea\u6709root\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6709\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u540cLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5982Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5b83\u540c\u540d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c<strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/strong> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6d89\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684<strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u4fee\u6539<\/strong>\u3002\u7ec4\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u4fee\u6539<strong>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\/etc\/group\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u6dfb\u52a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#groupadd \u9009\u9879 \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a -g\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cc\u7684\u201c-u\u201d\uff0c-g\u8868\u793a\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4ID\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ece500\u4e4b\u540e\u9012\u589e\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7f16\u8f91<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#groupmod \u9009\u9879 \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u540d \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a -g\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539\u91cc\u7684\u201c-u\u201d\uff0c-g\u8868\u793a\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4ID\u6570\u5b57 -n\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539\u201c-l\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5220\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#groupdel \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5f53\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5220\u9664\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5219\u5148\u4ece\u7ec4\u5185\u79fb\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\uff1aifcfg-\u7f51\u5361\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#cat \u7f51\u5361\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ONBOOT\uff1a\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8 BOOTPROTO\uff1aip\u5730\u5740\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cDHCP\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u5206\u914d\u534f\u8bae HWADDR\uff1a\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\uff0cMAC\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u5361\u600e\u4e48\u53bb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#service network restart<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6709\u7684\u5206\u652f\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709service\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u64cd\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6027\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<strong>\/etc\/init.d<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u653e\u7740\u5f88\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u6b64\u5904\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u5361\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a <strong>#\/etc\/init.d\/network restart<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6269\u5c551\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u5f88\u6df1\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d45\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ee5\u540e\u53bb\u67e5\u627e #ln -s \u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84 \u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u201cl\u201d\u8868\u793a\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3alink\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u201c-&gt;\u201d\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6269\u5c552\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u91cd\u542f\u5355\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u505c\u6b62\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\uff1a#ifdown \u7f51\u5361\u540d \u5f00\u542f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\uff1a#ifup \u7f51\u5361\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u610f\u7981\u7f51\u5361\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001ssh\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ssh<\/strong>\uff08secure shell\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3\u534f\u8bae\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u67092\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\u53f7\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981<strong>\u4fee\u6539ssh\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#\/etc\/ssh\/ssh_config<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f2\u4e2a\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a a. \u6ce8\u610f\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u4ece0-65535\uff1b b. \u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\/\u505c\u6b62\/\u91cd\u542f<\/strong> #service sshd start\/stop\/restart #\/etc\/init.d\/sshd start\/stop\/restart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ec8\u7aef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec8\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\u4e3b\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7ec8\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\u6709\uff1aXshell\u3001secureCRT\u3001Putty\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5putty\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668ip\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7ifconfig\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u987a\u624b\u6d4b\u8bd5ip\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u76f8\u901a\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u6253\u5f00putty\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u5728\u5f39\u51fakey\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u662f\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463\u8f93\u5165\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001SSH\u670d\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4f20\u8f93\u5de5\u5177\uff1aFilezilla \u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u684c\u9762\u56fe\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u201d- \u201c\u7ad9\u70b9\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08Ctrl + S\uff09\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u83dc\u5355\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u201c\u25bd\u201d\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6548\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462\u4ece\u672c\u5730windows\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u5230linux\u4e2d\u65b9\u5f0f \u652f\u6301\u76f4\u63a5\u62d6\u62fd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53f3\u952e\u672c\u5730\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u9009\u201c\u4e0a\u4f20\u201d\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463\u4e0b\u8f7dlinux\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u672c\u5730 \u652f\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u62d6\u62fd\u5230\u672c\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\u7a97\u53e3\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53f3\u952e\uff0c\u70b9\u9009\u201c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6269\u5c553\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5de5\u5177\uff1aPSCP.exe\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7cmd\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6253\u5f00\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u54ea\u4e9b\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230C:\/Windows\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a <strong>a. pscp \u9009\u9879 \u7528\u6237\u540d@linux\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740:\u8d44\u6e90\u8def\u5f84 windows\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5730\u5740 \uff08\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230win\uff09<\/strong> <strong>b. pscp \u9009\u9879 \u8d44\u6e90\u8def\u5f84 \u7528\u6237\u540d@linux\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740:\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8def\u5f84 \uff08\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230linux\uff09<\/strong> c. pscp \u9009\u9879 -ls \u7528\u6237\u540d@linux\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740 \uff08\u5217\u51fa\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7ed3\u6784\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730windows<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u8fdc\u7a0blinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0b\u7684\/etc\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730E:\\tmp\u4e0b <strong>#pscp -r root@192.168.21.128:\/etc E:\\tmp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728CMD\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u5230linux<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#pscp -r \u201cE:\\coursedocs\\\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5b66\u79d1\\\u5317\u4eac\u8fd0\u7ef401\u671f\\01-\u57fa\u7840\u73ed\\20180329_Linux\u81ea\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u201d root@192.168.21.128:\/root<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u81ea\u6709\u670d\u52a1\uff082\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u7acb\u7aff\u89c1\u5f71\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u4e4b\u751f\u6548 #hostname \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5148\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/sysconfig\/network \u3010\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4e2d\u7684HOSTNAME\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6c38\u4e45\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>hostnamectl<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>hostnamectl set-hostname new-hostname<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u2462\u4fee\u6539linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684hosts\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06yunwei\u6307\u5411\u672c\u5730\uff08\u8bbe\u7f6eFQDN\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hosts\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\/etc\/hosts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6eFQDN\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff1f \u2460\u5f88\u591a\u5f00\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Apache\uff09\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u6216\u51fa\u73b0\u62a5\u9519\uff1b \u2461\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u5bf9\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u5224\u65ad\uff1b \u2462\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5219\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u672c\u5730\u7684\u57df\u540d\u7684\u89e3\u6790\uff08\u672c\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001chkconfig<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8ewindows\u4e0b\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u58eb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7535\u8111\u7ba1\u5bb6\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8f85\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u201c\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u9879\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728linux\u4e0b\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u90fd\u6709\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#chkconfig &#8211;list<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d0-6\u8868\u793a\u5404\u4e2a\u542f\u52a8\u7ea7\u522b \u200b \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4ee5httpd\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u51763\u7ea7\u522b\u4e3a\u5173\u95ed\uff08off\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5176\u57283\u542f\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u673a \u4e0d\u542f\u52a8 \u200b 5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5176\u5728\u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4e5f\u662f\u5f00\u673a\u4e0d\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u518d\u4f8b\u5982\uff1akdump\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u57282\uff0c3\uff0c4\uff0c5\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0b\u9ed8 \u8ba4\u5f00\u673a\u4e0d\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>systemctl list-unit-files &#8211;type=service<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u67e5\u8be2\u5355\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">systemctl is-enabled &lt;service_name&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u5220\u9664\u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#chkconfig &#8211;del \u670d\u52a1\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u6dfb\u52a0\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#chkconfig &#8211;add \u670d\u52a1\u540d \u3010\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2463\u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0b\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\/\u4e0d\u542f\u52a8\u3010\u91cd\u70b9\u547d\u4ee4\u3011<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#chkconfig &#8211;level \u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u7ea7\u522b \u670d\u52a1\u540d on\/off<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001ntp\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1antp\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u95f4\u65b9\u5f0f\u67092\u4e2a\uff1a<strong>\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u540c\u6b65\uff08\u624b\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\uff09<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u7b80\u5355\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#ntpdate \u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57df\u540d\u6216ip\u5730\u5740 Ip\u5730\u5740\u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ntp.org.cn\/pool.php\">http:\/\/www.ntp.org.cn\/pool.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u670d\u52a1\u540d\uff1antpd \u542f\u52a8ntpd\u670d\u52a1 #service ntpd start \u6216\u8005 \/etc\/init.d\/ntpd start<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bbe\u7f6entpd\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">chkconfig &#8211;list|grep ntpd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">chkconfig &#8211;level 35 ntpd on<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u9632\u8303\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e4b\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9632\u706b\u5899\u9009\u62e9\u8ba9\u8bf7\u6c42\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684centos6.5\u4e2d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\uff1aiptables <strong>\u30107.x\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662ffirewalld\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u67e5\u770biptables\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">chkconfig &#8211;list|grep iptables<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>systemctl is-enabled firewalld<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461iptables\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\/\u91cd\u542f\/\u5173\u95ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#service iptables start\/restart\/stop \/etc\/init.d\/iptables start \/restart\/stop<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u67e5\u770biptables\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u89c4\u5219\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#service iptables status<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679ciptables\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u663e\u793a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2463\u67e5\u770b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#iptables -L -n \u542b\u4e49\uff1a -L\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5217\u51fa\u89c4\u5219 -n\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5355\u8bcd\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\u6539\u6210\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2464\u7b80\u5355\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5141\u8bb880\u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5219\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e #iptables -I INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 80 -j ACCEPT #\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee80\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Iptables\uff1a\u4e3b\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-I\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u653e\u5230\u6700\u524d\u9762 -A\uff1aadd\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u6700\u540e\uff09 INPUT\uff1a\u8fdb\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u3010\u51fa\u7ad9output\u3011 -p\uff1aprotocol\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\uff08icmp\/tcp\/udp\uff09 &#8211;dport\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 -j\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\uff08accept\uff09\/\u7981\u6b62\uff08reject\uff09\/\u4e22\u5f03\uff08drop\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>\/etc\/init.d\/iptables save<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001rpm\u7ba1\u7406\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1arpm\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ewindows\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u8111\u7ba1\u5bb6\u4e2d\u201c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u201d\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u58eb\u91cc\u9762\u201c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ba1\u5bb6\u201d\u7b49\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5bf9linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5378\u8f7d\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u67e5\u8be2\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#rpm -qa|grep \u5173\u952e\u8bcd \u9009\u9879\uff1a -q\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\uff0cquery -a\uff1a\u5168\u90e8\uff0call<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u5378\u8f7d\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#rpm -e \u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u706b\u72d0\u5378\u8f7d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5378\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5378\u8f7dApache\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u63d0\u793a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5378\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53c8\u4e0d\u60f3\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>#rpm -e \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d &#8211;nodeps<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u60f3\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u548cwindows\u4e0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5148\u5f97\u627e\u5230\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002 <strong>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong> a. \u53bb\u5b98\u7f51\u53bb\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1b b. \u4e0d\u4ecb\u610f\u8001\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5149\u76d8\uff08\u6216\u8005\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1b <strong>\u6b64\u5904\u4ee5\u5149\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5757\u72b6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/strong> #lsblk \uff08list block devices\uff09 \u67e5\u770b\u5757\u72b6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Name\uff1a\u540d\u79f0 Size\uff1a\u8bbe\u5907\u5927\u5c0f Type\uff1a\u7c7b\u578b MountPoint\uff1a\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3cwindows\u4e0b\u76d8\u7b26\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u5149\u76d8\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u548c\u89e3\u6302<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a. \u89e3\u6302\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\uff1aumount \u200b \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#umount \u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff08\u8def\u5f84\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eU\u76d8\u5728windows\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5f39\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u62d4\u4e0b\u7535\u8111USB\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">b. \u6302\u8f7d\u5149\u76d8<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\uff1amount \u200b \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<strong>#mount \u8bbe\u5907\u539f\u59cb\u5730\u5740 \u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84<\/strong> <strong>\u8bbe\u5907\u539f\u59cb\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff1a\u5730\u5740\u7edf\u4e00\u90fd\u5728\/dev\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u786e\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53name\u503c\uff0c\u62fc\u51d1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7ec4\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u524d\uff1a\u201c\/dev\/sr0\u201d <strong>\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a\u6302\u8f7d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u5728mnt\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728mnt\u4e0b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4ee5\u201c\/mnt\/dvd\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#rpm -ivh \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0 \u9009\u9879\uff1a -i\uff1ainstall\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 -v\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761 -h\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u201c#\u201d\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001cron\/crontab\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd24\u5c0f\u65f6\u90fd\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u60f3\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6bcf\u5929\u591c\u91cc2\u70b9\u53bb\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8Apache\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u771f\u6709\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u591c\u91cc2\u70b9\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#crontab \u9009\u9879 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a <strong>-l\uff1alist\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/strong> <strong>-e\uff1aedit\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/strong> -u\uff1auser\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237 -r\uff1aremove\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u5217\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#crontab -l<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u7f16\u8f91\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u884c\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u5219\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a \u5206 \u65f6 \u65e5 \u6708 \u5468 \u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5982<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u6bcf\u5929\u76840\u70b90\u5206\u6267\u884creboot\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 <strong>0 0 * * * reboot<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\uff1a<\/strong> \u5206\uff1a0~59 \u65f6\uff1a0~23 \u65e5\uff1a1~31 \u6708\uff1a1~12 \u5468\uff1a0~7\uff0c0\u548c7\u8868\u793a\u661f\u671f\u5929<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u56db\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a<\/strong> *<strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57<\/strong> <strong>-\uff1a<\/strong>\u505a\u8fde\u7eed\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u8868\u793a1~7\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\uff1a<strong>1-7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u60f3\u6bcf10\u5206\u949f\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5206\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5199\uff1a*\/10 ,\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u591a\u4e2a\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u60f3\u57281\u70b9\uff0c2\u70b96\u70b9\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65f6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5199\uff1a1,2,6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Crontab\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1 \uff1a <strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e\uff08\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \/etc\/cron.deny \u91cc\u9762\u5199\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\uff08\u767d\u540d\u5355\uff09<\/strong> \/etc\/cron.allow \uff08\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u767d\u540d\u5355\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u4e8e\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u7684\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux\u7684\u6743\u9650\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u662f\u5144\u5f1f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u6743\u9650\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u603b\u8ff0\uff1aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u5b58\/\u53d6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u5206\u4e3a3\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\uff1aowner\u3001group\u3001others\uff0c\u4e143\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u5404\u6709read\u3001write\u3001execute\u7b49\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784 \u200b \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5199\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u201c\u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664\/\u590d\u5236\u5230\/\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u201d\u6587\u6863 \u200b \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5199\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a \u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff1a \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff1a \u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5199\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u201c\u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664\/\u590d\u5236\u5230\/\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u201d\u6587\u6863 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5199\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Owner\u8eab\u4efd\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8005\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4e8eLinux\u662f\u591a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u591a\u4eba\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u67d0\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u79c1\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u9664\u672c\u4eba\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Group\u8eab\u4efd\uff08\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u7ec4\u6700\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u5728<strong>\u591a\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d26\u6237\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u3002\u5982\u7528\u6237a1\u3001b1\u5373\u53ef\u5c5e\u4e8eA\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5c5e\u4e8eB\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u3010\u4e3b\u7ec4\u548c\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u3011\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Others\u8eab\u4efd\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Root\u7528\u6237\uff08\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u4e00\u6837\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662froot\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4e2d\u5b83\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6743\u9650 \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u7740\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001Linux\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5206\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0cls\u547d\u4ee4\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#ls -l \u8def\u5f84 \u3010ls -l \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e ll\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728<strong>\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba<\/strong>\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5404\u81ea\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u6743\u9650\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u914d\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>d<\/strong>rwx<strong>r-x<\/strong>&#8212; : <strong>r:read\uff0c\u53ef\u8bfb w:write\uff0c\u53ef\u5199 e:execute\uff0c\u53ef\u6267\u884c -:\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5341\u4f4d\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>\u7b2c1\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a<strong>\u6587\u6863\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\u201c<strong>d\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong>\u201d\u3001\u201c<strong>-\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u201d<\/strong>\u3001\u201c<strong>l\u8868\u793a\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\u201d\u3001\u201c<strong>s\u8868\u793a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/strong>\u201d\u7b49\u7b49\uff1b <strong>\u7b2c2-4\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a<strong>\u6587\u6863\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong>\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c2\u4f4d\u8868\u793a<strong>\u8bfb\u6743\u9650<\/strong>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709r\u3001-\uff1b\u7b2c3\u4f4d\u8868\u793a<strong>\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/strong>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cw\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5199\uff0c-\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u7b2c4\u4f4d\u8868\u793a<strong>\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/strong>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709x\u3001-\u3002 \u7b2c5-7\u4f4d\uff1a\u8868\u793a<strong>\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong>\u3002 \u7b2c8-10\u4f4d\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u524d2\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u5916\u7684<strong>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6743\u9650\u5206\u914d\u4e2d,\u5747\u662frwx\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4e14<strong>\u4f4d\u7f6e\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/strong>\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u6743\u9650\u5c31\u7528 \u2013 \u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#chmod \u9009\u9879 \u6743\u9650\u6a21\u5f0f \u6587\u6863<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a <strong>-R\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650 \uff08\u5f53\u6587\u6863\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff09<\/strong> \u6743\u9650\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6587\u6863\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4fe1\u606f \u6587\u6863\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002 <strong>\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u7ed9\u6587\u6863\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u8981\u4e48\u662froot\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ed9\u8c01\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">u\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8005\u8eab\u4efdowner\uff08user\uff09 \u200b g\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08group\uff09 \u200b o\uff1a\u8868\u793aothers\uff0c\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650 \u200b a\uff1a\u8868\u793aall\uff0c\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u542bugo\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650 \u200b \u5982\u679c\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u7ed9\u8c01\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6743\u9650\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">r\uff1a\u8bfb \u200b w\uff1a\u5199 \u200b x\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c \u200b -\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6743\u9650\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">+\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7ed9\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7528\u6237\u65b0\u589e\u6743\u9650\uff08\u76f8\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\uff09 \u200b -\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff08\u76f8\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\uff09 \u200b =\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u503c\uff08\u6ce8\u91cd\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\u3010\u8d4b\u503c\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5982<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u7ed9anaconda-ks.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\uff08-rw&#8212;&#8212;-.\uff09\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u8bfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u3002 \u7b54\u6848\uff1a \u2460#chmod u+x,g+rx,o+r anaconda-ks.cfg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461#chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=r anaconda-ks.cfg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u5f53\u6587\u6863\u62e5\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff08\u4efb\u610f\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u989c\u8272\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u662f\u7eff\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#chmod ug=rwx \u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u6743\u9650\u4e00\u6837\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5199\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5982<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679canaconda-ks.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 \u2460#chmod +x anaconda-ks.cfg \u2461#chmod a=x anaconda-ks.cfg \u2462#chmod a+x anaconda-ks.cfg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bfb\uff1ar 4 \u5199\uff1aw 2 \u6267\u884c\uff1ax 1 \u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u9650\uff1a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5982<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u7ed9anaconda-ks.cfg\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u5168\u90e8\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u8bfb\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u8bfb\u3002 \u5168\u90e8\u6743\u9650\uff08u\uff09\uff1a\u8bfb+\u5199+\u6267\u884c=4+2+1=7 \u8bfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff08g\uff09\uff1a\u8bfb+\u6267\u884c=4+1=5 \u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff08o\uff09\uff1a\u8bfb=4 \u7531\u4e0a\u5f97\u77e5\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\uff1a754 #chmod 754 anaconda-ks.cfg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\u4f46\u51e1\u51fa\u73b02\u4e0e3\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u6743\u9650\u6709\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-rwxrwxrwx<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5207\u6362\u5230test\u7528\u6237\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u6863\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8eother\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u98981\uff1atest\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00oo\/xx.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f\u3010\u80fd\u6253\u5f00\u3011 \u95ee\u98982\uff1atest\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91oo\/xx.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f\u3010\u53ef\u4ee5\u3011 \u95ee\u98983\uff1atest\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664oo\/xx.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<strong>\u3010\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u5c5e\u4e3b\u4e0e\u5c5e\u7ec4\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c5e\u4e3b\uff1a\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff09 \u5c5e\u7ec4\uff1a\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001chown\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#chown -R username \u6587\u6863\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5c06\u521a\u624droot\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u7684oo\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u66f4\u6539\u4e3atest #chown test oo\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001chgrp\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong> \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#chgrp -R groupname \u6587\u6863\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5462\uff1f<\/strong> <strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#chown -R username:groupname \u6587\u6863\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u6269\u5c55\uff081\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001sudo\uff08switch user do\uff09\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sudo\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff08root\uff09\u4e8b\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u547d\u4ee4\u8c01\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4sudo\u4e2d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u9664root\u4e4b\u5916\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528\u5219\u5148\u914d\u7f6esudo\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sudo\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\/etc\/sudoers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. \u914d\u7f6esudo\u6587\u4ef6\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u201c#visudo\u201d\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cvim\u4e00\u81f4\uff08vim\u6253\u5f00\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. \u914d\u7f6e\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Root\u8868\u793a\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u201c%\u7ec4\u540d\u201d ALL\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u5730\u5740\u767d\u540d\u5355\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(ALL)\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u8c01\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\uff0cALL\u8868\u793aroot\u8eab\u4efd ALL\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c,\u201d\u5206\u5272<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u5199sudo\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u5199\u76f4\u63a5\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/strong> <strong>\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528which\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001<strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#which \u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u5230\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237test\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>#sudo \u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8f93\u5165sudo\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e<strong>\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4e0d\u662froot\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u67655\u5206\u949f\u5185\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884csudo\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u6309\u7167\u6848\u4f8b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9test\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539root\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539root\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">**3\u3001\u7981\u6b62\u4fee\u6539root\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff08\u5148\u5141\u8bb8\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u518d\u62d2\u7eddroot\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>\/usr\/bin\/passwd [A-Za-z]*, !\/usr\/bin\/passwd root<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u5177\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#sudo -l<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\uff1asudo\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55Linux\u5206\u652f\u90fd\u6709\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1centos\u4e0eubuntu\u90fd\u5b58\u5728sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u57fa\u7840<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u7c7b\uff08\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\uff08Local Area Network\uff0cLAN\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u662f\u6307\u8303\u56f4\u5728\u51e0\u767e\u7c73\u5230\u5341\u51e0\u516c\u91cc\u5185\u529e\u516c\u697c\u7fa4\u6216\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u6240\u6784\u6210\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u57ce\u57df\u7f51\uff08Metropolitan Area Network\uff0cMAN\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u76f8\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0a\u8981\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u57ce\u57df\u7f51\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u76f8\u8ddd\u4e0d\u8fdc\u7684\u51e0\u680b\u529e\u516c\u697c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\uff08Wide Area Network\uff0cWAN\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u5e38\u8de8\u63a5\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516c\u7f51\u3001\u79c1\u7f51<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5206\u4e3a\u516c\u7f51\u3001\u79c1\u7f51\u662f\u4e24\u79cdInternet\u7684\u63a5\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u516c\u7f51\u63a5\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e0a\u7f51\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5f97\u5230\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u662fInternet\u4e0a\u7684\u975e\u4fdd\u7559\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u516c\u7f51\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548cInternet\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u968f\u610f\u4e92\u76f8\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u79c1\u7f51\u5219\u53cd\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001ip\u5730\u5740\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP\u662f\u82f1\u6587Internet Protocol\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u8fde\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IP\u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u516c\u6709\u5730\u5740\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516c\u6709\u5730\u5740<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u516c\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff08Public address\uff09\u7531Inter NIC\uff08Internet Network Information Center\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bIP\u5730\u5740\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u6ce8\u518c\u5e76\u5411Inter NIC\u63d0\u51fa\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff08Private address\uff09\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u6ce8\u518c\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u7559\u7528\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff1a A\u7c7b 10.0.0.0&#8211;10.255.255.255 B\u7c7b 172.16.0.0&#8211;172.31.255.255 <strong>C\u7c7b 192.168.0.0&#8211;192.168.255.255<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IP\u5730\u5740\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7c7b\u522b<\/th><th>\u6700\u5927\u7f51\u7edc\u6570<\/th><th>IP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4<\/th><th>\u6700\u5927\u4e3b\u673a\u6570<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u79c1\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A<\/td><td>126\uff082^7-2)<\/td><td>1.0.0.0-127.255.255.255<\/td><td>16777214<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B<\/td><td>16384(2^14)<\/td><td>128.0.0.0-191.255.255.255<\/td><td>65534<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C<\/td><td>2097152(2^21)<\/td><td>192.0.0.0-223.255.255.255<\/td><td>254<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u7ef4\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u80fd\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ip\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u3001\u5212\u5206vlan\u3001ACL\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5e03\u7ebf\u3001\u5404\u79cdServe\u7684\u642d\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u7f51\u5361<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u5361\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u7684<strong>\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u89e3\u5c01<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MAC\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0816\u8fdb\u5236\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0eIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff1aIP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a32\u4f4d\uff0cMAC\u5730\u5740\u4e3a48\u4f4d\u3002 2\u3001\u5206\u914d\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 3\u3001<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u5bfb\u5740\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c<\/strong>\uff1aOSI\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\uff0cip\u5730\u5740\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff09\uff0cmac\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\uff08\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001\u7f51\u7ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7ebf\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7ebf\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u53cc\u7ede\u7ebf\uff08RJ45\u63a5\u53e3\uff09\u3001\u94dc\u8f74\u7535\u7f06\u3001\u5149\u7f06\u4e09\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff08Switch\uff09\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5f00\u5173\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\uff08\u5149\uff09\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u63a5\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u72ec\u4eab\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff08Router\uff09\u53c8\u79f0\u7f51\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\uff08Gateway\uff09\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5206\u5f00\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7\u3001\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\uff08\u6269\u5c55\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u62d3\u6251\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u5b9e\u4f53\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\u4e0e\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u201c\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u8fde\u63a5\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\u201c\u7ebf\u201d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4ee5\u56fe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u4e0e\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u3001\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u8fde\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8868\u793a\u70b9\u548c\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u56fe\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u661f\u578b\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u603b\u7ebf\u578b\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u73af\u578b\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6811\u578b\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f51\u72b6\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u578b\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001ping<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027<\/strong>\uff08\u4e0d\u662f100%\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u7981ping\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#ping \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff08ip\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u57df\u540d\u7b49\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\uff0cwindows\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\uff08\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8eLinux\u4e0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e00\u76f4\u53d1\u9001\uff0cwindows\u4e0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d1\u90014\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff09Ctrl+c\u6682\u505c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001netstat<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#netstat -tnlp \uff08-t\uff1atcp\u534f\u8bae\uff0c-n\uff1a\u5c06\u5b57\u6bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u6570\u5b57\uff0c-l\uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u76d1\u542c\uff0c-p\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u8d70\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662ftcp\u3002 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u662fudp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ESTABLISHED\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\uff0cLISTEN\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u76d1\u542c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#netstat -an \uff08-a\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5168\u90e8\uff0c-n\uff1a\u5c06\u5b57\u6bcd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001traceroute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u67e5\u627e\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u5173\uff08\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6cbf\u9014\u5404\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53d1\u9001icmp\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7ed9\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\u3002 \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e86\uff08\u4e4b\u524d\u9009\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#traceroute \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u5feb\u9012\u7684\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u5728windows\u4e0b\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1atracert \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u7f51\u5740\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/tool.chinaz.com\/\">http:\/\/tool.chinaz.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001arp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5373ARP\uff08Address Resolution Protocol\uff09\uff0c\u662f<strong>\u6839\u636eIP\u5730\u5740\u83b7\u53d6\uff08MAC\uff09\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u67e5\u770b\u672c\u673aMAC\u5730\u5740\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c \u5982\u679c\u6709\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0cARP\u534f\u8bae\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\uff0c\u8be5\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\u8981\u6c42\u67e5\u8be2\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673aIP\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u56de\u5e94\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219ARP\u89e3\u6790\u5230\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a#arp -a \u67e5\u770b\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58mac\u8868 #arp -d \u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740 \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u8bb0\u5f55 \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5728windows\u4e0b\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001tcpdump(\u4e86\u89e3)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6293\u5305\uff0c\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u8868 \u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a #tcpdump \u534f\u8bae port \u7aef\u53e3 #tcpdump \u534f\u8bae port \u7aef\u53e3 host \u5730\u5740 #tcpdump -i \u7f51\u5361\u8bbe\u5907\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">00:09:17.xxxx \u76d1\u542c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5206\u79d2 IP\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b 192.168.21.1 \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u6765\u81ea\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&gt; \u6570\u636e\u7684\u6d41\u5411<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">192.168.21.136 \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u5230\u8fbe\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u914d\u8d2d\u4e70<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5916\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67092\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u8d2d\u4e70\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001<strong>\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8d2d\u4e70\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6210\u672c\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5382\u5546\uff1a<strong>\u963f\u91cc\u4e91<\/strong>\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u3001\u77e5\u9053\u521b\u5b87\uff08\u52a0\u901f\u4e50\uff09\u3001\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91\u3001\u76db\u5927\u4e91\u3001\u65b0\u6d6a\u4e91\uff08sae\uff09\u3001\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u4e91\u7b49\u7b49\u3002 \u4ee5\u540e\u4ee5\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a \u5b98\u7f51\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aliyun.com\/\">http:\/\/www.aliyun.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u6253\u5f00\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u5b98\u7f51\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668ECS\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u7acb\u5373\u8d2d\u4e70\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u5219\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fdb\u5165\u540e\u53f0\u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u53f3\u4fa7\u201c\u66f4\u591a\u201d\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u91cd\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u57df\u540d\u8d2d\u4e70<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u5728\u9996\u9875\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u57df\u540d\u6ce8\u518c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57df\u540d\u6ce8\u518c\u5f97\u5148\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u518c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u786e\u8ba4\u8d2d\u4e70\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u57df\u540d\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u57df\u540d\u5907\u6848<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5907\u6848\uff1a\u5f53\u7533\u8bf7\u57df\u540d\u7684\u4eba\u8981\u60f3\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5411\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff08\u7701\u7ea7\uff09\u53bb\u7533\u8bf7\u62a5\u5907\u3002 \u5907\u6848\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5883\u5185\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u5907\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u540e\u53f0\u70b9\u51fb\u201cICP\u5907\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70b9\u51fb\u65b0\u589e\u4e3b\u4f53\u5907\u6848<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u586b\u5199\u5b8c\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u589e\u52a0\u7f51\u7ad9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5907\u6848\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u9876\u90e8\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7533\u8bf7\u5230\u5907\u6848\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u4e4b\u540e\u586b\u5199\u7ee7\u7eed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u7247\uff1a\u7f51\u7ad9\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u6838\u9a8c\u5355<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6253\u5370\uff0c\u586b\u5199\u597d\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u5907\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540e\u9762\u7b49\u5f85\u521d\u5ba1\uff0c\u521d\u5ba1\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff08\u521d\u5ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u822c1\u5929\u5373\u53ef\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62cd\u7167<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u4f20\u7167\u7247<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b49\u5f85\u7ba1\u5c40\u5ba1\u6838\uff08\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5ba1\u6838\u5468\u671f\u4e00\u822c\u662f15\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba1\u6838\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5de5\u4fe1\u90e8\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u77ed\u4fe1\u4e0e\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u5907\u6848\u53f7\u548c\u5907\u6848\u5bc6\u7801\uff08\u5907\u6848\u5bc6\u7801\u7528\u4e8e\u6ce8\u9500\u5907\u6848\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u89e3\u6790\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u5c06\u57df\u540d\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c DNS\uff1adomain name server\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u57df\u540d\u8f6c\u5316\u6210ip\u5730\u5740\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70b9\u51fb\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u62e9\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u6790\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7ebfping\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u6d4b\u6548\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff08\u6700\u540e1\u5929\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6\u3001\u4e0a\u4f20\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4f20\u5de5\u5177\uff1apscp\uff0cfilezilla\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Shell\u57fa\u7840<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u5173\u4e8eshell<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fshell<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fshell\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shell\uff08\u5916\u58f3\uff09 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002Shell \u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u3002 Shell \u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u8bbf\u95ee\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u811a\u672c\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u811a\u672c\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b57\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff08\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8bb0\u4e8b\u672c\u6253\u5f00\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\uff09\u3002 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff1a <strong>JavaScript\uff08JS\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\uff09<\/strong>\uff0cVBScript\uff0c ASP\uff0c<strong>JSP\uff0cPHP\uff08\u540e\u7aef\uff09<\/strong>\uff0cSQL\uff08\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\uff0cPerl\uff0c<strong>Shell<\/strong>\uff0cpython\uff0cRuby\uff0cJavaFX\uff0cLua\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4f7f\u7528shell\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shell\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u811a\u672c \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6548\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u6279\u5904\u7406\uff09 \u8bed\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u8f7b\u677e\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7684shell\u79cd\u7c7b\uff1f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728linux\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684shell\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684shell\u5177\u5907\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0cshell\u8fd8\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c<strong>Linux\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684shell\u662f\/bin\/bash\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u6d41w ww\u884c\u7684shell\u6709ash\u3001bash\u3001ksh\u3001csh\u3001zsh\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684shell\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>csh<\/strong> C shell \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u201c\u7c7bC\u201d\u8bed\u6cd5,csh\u662f\u5177\u6709C\u8bed\u8a00\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u79cdshell\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u670952\u4e2a\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e9e\u5927\u3002<strong>\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\/bin\/tcsh\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ksh<\/strong> Korn shell \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e Bourne shell \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u4e86 C shell \u7684\u6613\u7528\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 ksh \uff0cksh\u670942\u6761\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c<strong>\u4e0ebash\u76f8\u6bd4\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>tcsh<\/strong> tcsh\u662fcsh\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\uff0c\u4e0e C shell \u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>sh<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\/bin\/bash\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>nologin<\/strong> \u6307\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>zsh<\/strong> <strong>\u76ee\u524dLinux\u91cc\u6700\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u79cdshell<\/strong>\uff1azsh\u3002\u5b83\u6709<strong>84<\/strong>\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f<strong>\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742<\/strong>\u3002<strong>\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5shell\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>bash<\/strong> <strong><em>\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell<\/em>\uff0cbash shell \u662f Bourne shell \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u514d\u8d39\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684 Unix shell\uff0cbash\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7help\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5305\u542b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6db5\u76d6shell\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u7684shell\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b83\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u3002*<\/strong>*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001shell\u5165\u95e8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u7f16\u5199\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\uff1a \u200b #!\/bin\/bash [\u6307\u5b9a\u544a\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell\u89e3\u91ca\u5668] \u200b Shell\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff1a \u200b \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.sh .sh\u662flinux\u4e0bbash shell \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u540e\u7f00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u521b\u5efa.sh\u6587\u4ef6 touch\/vim \u2461\u7f16\u5199shell\u4ee3\u7801 \u2462\u6267\u884cshell\u811a\u672c \u811a\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f93\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a#<strong>echo<\/strong> 123<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u679c\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5f15\u53f7(\u5355\u53cc\u90fd\u884c)\u5305\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7eaf\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5305\u3002\u5206\u53f7\u53ef\u52a0\u53ef\u4e0d\u52a0\uff0c\u591a\u884c\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u52a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6<strong>\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5199\u6210 .\/test.sh<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u800c\u4e0d\u662f test.sh<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5176\u5b83\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 test.sh\uff0cLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u53bb PATH\uff08\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff09 \u91cc\u5bfb\u627e\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53eb test.sh \u7684\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709 \/bin, \/sbin, \/usr\/bin\uff0c\/usr\/sbin \u7b49\u5728 PATH \u91cc\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5728 PATH \u91cc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 test.sh \u662f\u4f1a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u7528 .\/test.sh \u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u627e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\/bin\/bash \u811a\u672c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shell\u811a\u672c\u5206\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5806\u79ef\uff09\u548c\u590d\u6742\u5199\u6cd5\uff08\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001shell\u8fdb\u9636\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u542b\u4e49<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u91cf<\/strong> \u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e. <strong>b. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u5c31\u662f\u53d8\u91cf. \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5468\u671f\u5185,\u5176\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u53d8\u91cf. <strong>c. \u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5468\u671f<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5468\u671f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7684shell\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d8\u91cf\u662fshell\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f62\u5982\uff1aclass_name=&#8221;yunwe &#8220;<\/strong> <strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f62\u5982\uff1aecho $class_name<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u75312\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210,\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f<strong>\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff08\u5de6\u8fb9\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f<strong>\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff08\u53f3\u8fb9\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb??<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u662f<strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>; \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u503c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u524d\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a$\u7b26\u53f7<\/strong>\uff0c\u8be5\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982php\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u7684\u89c4\u8303<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u540e\u9762\u7684<strong>\u7b49\u53f7\u5de6\u53f3\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c<\/strong>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u4f60\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u5982\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a \u200b <strong>\u547d\u540d\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u9996\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934\u3002<\/strong> \u200b <strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u201c_\u201d\u3002<\/strong> \u200b <strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/strong> \u200b <strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528bash\u91cc\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff08\u53ef\u7528help\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u4fdd\u7559\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5173\u4e8e\u5355\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f6c\u4e49\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u201c*\u201d\uff09<\/strong> <strong>\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u539f\u6837\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f6c\u4e49\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\uff08esc\u952e\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u952e\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3\u3001\u53ea\u8bfb\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1areadonly \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cfa\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u503c\u4e3a10\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5176\u4e3a\u53ea\u8bfb\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.4\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aread -p \u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.5\u3001\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aunset \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bed\u6cd51\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>if<\/strong> condition then command1 command2 &#8230; <strong>fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5355\u884c\u5199\u6cd5\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff09\uff1a<strong>if [ condition ]; then command; fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bed\u6cd52\uff08\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">if condition then command1 command2 &#8230; <strong>else<\/strong> <strong>command<\/strong> fi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bed\u6cd53\uff08\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>if<\/strong> condition1 then command1 <strong>elif<\/strong> condition2 then command2 <strong>else<\/strong> commandN <strong>fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728shell\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\u7b97\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001 \u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7b49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1\u3001\u7b97\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u8868\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf a \u4e3a 10\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf b \u4e3a 20\uff1a \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 \u8bf4\u660e \u4e3e\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a0\u6cd5 expr a + b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51cf\u6cd5 expr a &#8211; b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e58\u6cd5 expr a \\* b \/ \u9664\u6cd5 expr b \/ a % \u53d6\u4f59 expr b % a = \u8d4b\u503c a=b == \u76f8\u7b49 [ a == b ] != \u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49 [ a != b ] **\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8981\u653e\u5728\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982: [a==b] \u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u6210 [ a == $b ]\u3002**<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u539f\u751fbash\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 awk \u548c expr\uff0cexpr \u6700\u5e38\u7528\u3002<\/strong> <strong>expr \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6c42\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong> <strong>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u76f8\u52a0(\u6ce8\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7 <code>\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u5f15\u53f7 ')\uff1a #!\/bin\/bash val=<\/code>expr 2 + 2`<\/strong> <strong>echo &#8220;\u4e24\u6570\u4e4b\u548c\u4e3a : $val&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e24\u70b9\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e4b\u95f4\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 2+2 \u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u6210 2 + 2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002 \u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8981\u88ab <code><\/code> \u5305\u542b\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\uff0c\u5728 Esc \u952e\u4e0b\u8fb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53ea\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><em><strong>*\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u8bf4\u660e*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u4e3e\u4f8b*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>-eq<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b<strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49<\/strong>\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -eq b ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ne<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b<strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -ne b ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-gt<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570<strong>\u662f\u5426\u5927\u4e8e<\/strong>\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -gt b ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-lt<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570<strong>\u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e<\/strong>\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -lt b ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ge<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570<strong>\u662f\u5426\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/strong>\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -ge b ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-le<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570<strong>\u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/strong>\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -le b ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-eq\uff1aequal -ne\uff1anot equal -gt\uff1agreat than -lt\uff1aless than -ge\uff1agreat than or equal -le\uff1aless than or equal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><em><strong>*\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u8bf4\u660e*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u4e3e\u4f8b*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>!<\/td><td><strong>\u975e\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong>\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a true \u5219\u8fd4\u56de false\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ ! false ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-o<\/td><td><strong>\u6216\uff08\u6216\u8005\uff09\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong>\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a true \u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -lt 20 -o b -gt 100 ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-a<\/td><td><strong>\u4e0e\uff08\u5e76\u4e14\uff09\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c<\/strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u4e3a true\u624d\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a -lt 20 -a b -gt 100 ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><em><strong>*\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u8bf4\u660e*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u4e3e\u4f8b*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>=<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a = b ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>!=<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ a != b ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-z<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a0\uff0c\u4e3a0\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -z $a ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-n<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a0\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e3a0\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -n $a ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>str<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ $a ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b Unix\/Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\u3002 \u5c5e\u6027\u68c0\u6d4b\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><em><strong>*\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u8bf4\u660e*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><th><em><strong>*\u4e3e\u4f8b*<\/strong><\/em><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>-b file<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -b $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-c file<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -c $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-d file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/strong><\/td><td>[ -d $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-f file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/strong><\/td><td>[ -f $file ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-g file<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 SGID \u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -g $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-k file<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u7c98\u7740\u4f4d(Sticky Bit)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -k $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-p file<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6709\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -p $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-u file<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 SUID \u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><td>[ -u $file ] \u8fd4\u56de false\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-r file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/strong><\/td><td>[ -r $file ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-w file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/strong><\/td><td>[ -w $file ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-x file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/strong><\/td><td>[ -x $file ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-s file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u5426\u5927\u4e8e0\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u8fd4\u56de true<\/strong>\u3002<\/td><td>[ -s $file ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-e file<\/td><td><strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/strong><\/td><td>[ -e $file ] \u8fd4\u56de true\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6743\u9650\u51e0\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7b26\u5408\uff0c\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6709\u6743\u9650\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001shell\u811a\u672c\u9644\u5e26\u9009\u9879\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u5728linux shell\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406tail -10 access.log\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\uff1f \u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a \u8c03\u7528tail\u6307\u4ee4 \u7cfb\u7edf\u628a\u540e\u7eed\u9009\u9879\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9tail Tail\u5148\u53bb\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 \u53d6\u51fa\u6700\u540e10\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u7684shell\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u5462\uff1f \u7b54\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \u4f20\u9012\uff1a <strong>#.\/test.sh a b c<\/strong> \u63a5\u6536\uff1a \u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u201c1\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793aa\uff0c\u201c2\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793ab\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u5b9e1\u30012\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u65f6\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u53bb\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e2a\u522b\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MySQL\u57fa\u7840<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u52a8\u6001\uff08\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u7f51\u9875\u540e\u7f00.jsp\u3001.php\u3001.shtml\u7b49\uff09\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001MySQL\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>MySQL<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff0c\u7531\u745e\u5178MySQL AB \u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c2008\u5e74\u88abSun\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u8d2d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c5e\u4e8e Oracle \u65d7\u4e0b\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<strong>MySQL \u662f\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728 WEB \u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u9762\uff0cMySQL\u662f<strong>\u6700\u597d\u7684 RDBMS<\/strong> (Relational Database Management System\uff0c<strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>) \u5e94\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5176<strong>\u548cphp\u662f\u9ec4\u91d1\u642d\u6863\uff08LAMP\/LNMP\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u524d\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\uff1aOracle\uff08\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09\u3001MS SQL Server\uff08\u5fae\u8f6f\uff09\u3001Access\uff08\u5fae\u8f6f\uff09\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001DB2\u3001Mariadb\uff08MySQL\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9MySQL\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001MySQL\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u786e\u4fdd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u521d\u6b65\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a. \u6e90\u7801\u5305\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u70b9 \u5f00\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801 \u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u9ad8\u6548 \u7f3a\u70b9 \u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519 \u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6e90\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b89\u88c5ncurses\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e93\uff09<\/strong> <strong>\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u89e3\u5305<\/strong> <strong>\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> #tar -zxvf *.tar.gz \uff08\u5927\u591a\u6570\uff09 #tar -jxvf *.tar.bz2 <strong>\u9009\u9879\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/strong> -z\u6216&#8211;gzip\u6216&#8211;ungzip\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7gzip\u6307\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b -x\u6216&#8211;extract\u6216&#8211;get\uff1a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fd8\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b -v\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b -f\u6216&#8211;file\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b -j\uff1a\u652f\u6301bzip2\u89e3\u538b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2460\u5148\u5c06\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u201c\/usr\/local\/src\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2461\u89e3\u538b\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5305<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#tar -zxvf ncurses-6.1.tar.gz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2462\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6e90\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\uff08config\/configure\/bootstrap\uff09 \u2192 \u7f16\u8bd1\uff08make\/bootstrapd\uff09 \u2192 \u5b89\u88c5\uff08make install\/bootstrapd install\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u914d\u7f6e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u9009\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7b49\u7b49\u3002 <strong>\u6307\u5b9a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1a&#8211;prefix=\u8def\u5f84<\/strong> <strong>\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1a&#8211;with-PACKAGE\u540d=[\u5305\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84]<\/strong> <strong>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a&#8211;without-PACHAGE\u540d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#.\/configure &#8211;prefix=\/usr\/local\/ncurses \u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong># make \u7f16\u8bd1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#make install \u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">b. \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305\uff08rpm\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u70b9: \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5378\u8f7d \u7f3a\u70b9: \u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56de\u987erpm\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a #rpm -qa|grep \u5173\u952e\u8bcd #rpm -e \u5173\u952e\u8bcd [&#8211;nodeps] \u5ffd\u7565\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb #rpm -ivh \u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0 #rpm -Uvh \u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0 \u66f4\u65b0 <strong>#rpm -qf \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 \u3010\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u5305\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">mkdir \/mnt\/dvd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">mount \/dev\/sr0 \/mnt\/dvd\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">rpm -ivh \/mnt\/dvd\/Packages\/lynx-2.8.6-27.e16.i686.rpm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\u67e5\u770b\u767e\u5ea6\uff1a#lynx &#8211;dump <a href=\"www.baidu.com\">www.baidu.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">c. yum\u7b49\u50bb\u74dc\u5f0f\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u70b9: \u5b89\u88c5\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5feb\u6377 \u7f3a\u70b9: \u5b8c\u5168\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6027 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u66f4\u6539\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8054\u7f51\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528yum\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684yum\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a #yum list [installed] \u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88c5\u7684\u548c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff08\u5168\u90e8\uff09 #yum search \u540d \u641c\u7d22\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\u5305 #yum [-y] install \u5305\u540d \u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5305\uff08-y\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u518d\u786e\u8ba4\uff09 #yum [-y] update [\u5305\u540d] \u66f4\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5168\u90e8\u8f6f\u4ef6 #yum [-y] remove \u5305\u540d \u5378\u8f7d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528yum\u6307\u4ee4\u5378\u8f7d\u706b\u72d0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 #yum remove firefox<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528yum\u6307\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u706b\u72d0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 #yum install firefox<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u5b89\u88c5MySQL\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee5yum\u5b89\u88c5\u4e3a\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1\u3001MySQL\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#yum install mysql-server (\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4 Yum \u4ed3\u5e93\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">yum install mysql-community-server ( MySQL \u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7248 MySQL \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2\u3001MySQL\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#service mysqld start<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u53f73306\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#mysql_secure_installation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*Enter current password for root (enter for none):\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u5f53\u524droot\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6b64root\u5e76\u975elinux\u7684root\u7528\u6237\u3002*<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*Set root password?\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6eroot\u5bc6\u7801\uff1f*<\/code> <code>*\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1aqhabOfhlluB9*<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*Remove anonymous users?\u662f\u5426\u79fb\u9664\u533f\u540d\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u79fb\u9664\uff08Y\uff09*<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*Disallow root login remotely?\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8root\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\uff09*<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*Remove test database and access to it?\u662f\u5426\u79fb\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u4e0d\u79fb\u9664\uff09*<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>*Reload privilege tables now?\u662f\u5426\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u6743\u9650\u8868\uff08\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u6539\u4e86mysql\u7528\u6237\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\u5efa\u8bae\u53bb\u91cd\u8f7d\u6743\u9650\uff09*<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3\u3001MySQL\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u63a7\u5236<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aservice mysqld start\/stop\/restart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fdb\u5165mysql\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a #mysql -u\u7528\u6237\u540d -p (\u5bc6\u7801)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9000\u51faMySQL\u5230linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a mysql &gt; exit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u5f55\/\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\/var\/lib\/mysql \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\/etc\/my.cnf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001MySQL\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u96be\u70b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u6574\u4e2aexcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u6570\u636e\u8868\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aexcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002 \u884c\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u884c \u5217\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u603b\u7684\u4e00\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728MySQL\u7ec8\u7aef\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff08\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5747\u53ef\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> <strong>SHOW DATABASES; \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524dMySQL\u4e2d\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong> <strong>CREATE DATABASE \u5e93\u540d; \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong> <strong>DROP DATABASE \u5e93\u540d; \u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong> <strong>USE \u5e93\u540d; \u5207\u6362\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>SHOW TABLES;<\/strong> <strong>\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8868\u540d\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u5148use\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09<\/strong> CREATE TABLE \u8868\u540d\u79f0 <strong>\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u8868<\/strong> ( \u5217\u540d\u79f01 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b [NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT], \u5217\u540d\u79f02 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b, \u5217\u540d\u79f03 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b, &#8230;., PRIMARY KEY(\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d) );<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1aint\uff08\u6574\u578b\uff09\u3001char\uff08\u5b9a\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\u3001varchar\uff08\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\u3002 \u4e3b\u952e\u4e00\u822c\u5c31\u662f\u5e8f\u53f7\u6240\u5728\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5217\uff08<strong>\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d<\/strong>\uff09\u3002 <strong>DESC \u8868\u540d; \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8868\uff08\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff09<\/strong> <strong>DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] \u8868\u540d; \u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8868<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\/\u5b57\u6bb5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd51\uff1aINSERT INTO \u8868\u540d\u79f0 VALUES (\u503c1, \u503c2,&#8230;.);<\/strong> <strong>\u8bed\u6cd52\uff1aINSERT INTO \u8868\u540d\u79f0 (\u52171, \u52172,&#8230;) VALUES (\u503c1, \u503c2,&#8230;.);<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5f80\u6570\u636e\u8868xg\u8868\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55username\u4e3azhangsan\uff0cpassword\u4e3a123456\uff08\u52a0\u5bc6\u7ed3\u679cE10ADC3949BA59ABBE56E057F20F883E\uff09 Sql\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a insert into xg (username,password) values (\u2018zhangsan\u2019,\u2019E10ADC3949BA59ABBE56E057F20F883E\u2019);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u6c42\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5217\u540d\u4e0e\u503c\u8981\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aUPDATE \u8868\u540d\u79f0 SET \u5217\u540d\u79f01 = \u65b0\u503c1,\u5217\u540d\u79f02 = \u65b0\u503c2\u2026 WHERE \u5217\u540d\u79f0 = \u67d0\u503c; \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u65b0\u8bed\u53e5\u66f4\u65b0id\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e2\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5bc6\u7801\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a25F9E794323B453885F5181F1B624D0B SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a Update xg set password = \u201825F9E794323B453885F5181F1B624D0B\u2019 where id &gt;= 2;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u540e\u5728\u6267\u884c\u5f71\u54cd\u884c\u6570\u7684sql\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5199\u9519\u6216\u8005\u6f0f\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SELECT \u5217\u540d\u79f01,\u5217\u540d\u79f02\u2026 FROM \u8868\u540d\u79f0 WHERE \u6761\u4ef6; SELECT * FROM \u8868\u540d\u79f0 WHERE \u6761\u4ef6; \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u521a\u624d\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55 \u53ea\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662fid=2\u7684\uff1a Select username,password from xg where id = 2;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u67e5\u8be2\u5168\u90e8\uff1a Select * from xg;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4\u3001\u5220\u9664\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DELETE FROM \u8868\u540d\u79f0 WHERE \u5217\u540d\u79f0 = \u503c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5220\u9664id\u4e3a2\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55 Delete from xg where id = 2;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u8fd8\u539f\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1\u3001\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u5bfc\u51fa\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5168\u91cf\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u6570\u636e+\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1a#mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A &gt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 \u6307\u5b9a\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u6570\u636e+\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1a# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 \u5e93\u540d &gt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 \u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u6570\u636e+\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1a# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 &#8211;databases db1 db2 &gt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5907\u4efd\u6574\u4e2a\u5e93<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#mysqldump -uroot -pqhabOfhlluB9 -A &gt; \/root\/sql_201804061609.sql<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\uff08\u5bfc\u5165\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd8\u539f\u90e8\u5206\u5206<strong>\uff081\uff09mysql\u547d\u4ee4\u884csource\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong> \u548c \uff082\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5 <strong>1.\u8fd8\u539f\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong>: (1) mysql\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff1amysql&gt; source \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 (2) \u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff1a #mysql -uroot -p123456 &lt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 <strong>2.\u8fd8\u539f\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93(\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93)<\/strong> <strong>(1) mysql&gt; use \u5e93\u540d<\/strong> mysql&gt; source \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 (2) #mysql -uroot -p123456 \u5e93\u540d &lt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 <strong>3.\u8fd8\u539f\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u8868(\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93)<\/strong> <strong>(1) mysql&gt; use \u5e93\u540d<\/strong> mysql&gt; source \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 (2) mysql -uroot -p123456 \u5e93\u540d &lt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 <strong>4.\u8fd8\u539f\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09<\/strong> (1) mysql\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff1amysql&gt; source \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 (2) \u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff1a mysql -uroot -p123456 &lt; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bbe\u7f6eMysql\u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mysql&gt; set names utf8; \u3010\u4e09\u7801\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef+\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d+\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u6269\u5c55<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001mysql\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1aB\/S\u67b6\u6784\u3001C\/S\u67b6\u6784\u3002 B\/S\uff1aB\u662f\u6307\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0cS\u662f\u6307\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8eBS\u67b6\u6784\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002 C\/S\uff1aC\u662f\u6307\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0cS\u662f\u6307\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aQQ\u3001\u7535\u8111\u7aef\u5fae\u4fe1\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662fCS\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728BS\u4e2d\uff0cmysql\u6709\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff1aPMA\uff08phpMyAdmin\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CS\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1anavicat\u3001mysql workbrach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899 service iptables stop<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>systemctl stop firewalld<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8mysql\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. \u5148\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u9009\u62e9mysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1b b. \u6267\u884csql\u8bed\u53e5\uff1aselect host,user from user;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c. \u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684host\u503c\u6539\u4e3a\u201c%\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">d. \u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650\u8868\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u542fmysql \u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650\uff1amysql&gt; flush privileges;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">e. navicat\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yum\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u5b9e\u6218 \uff08\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u7ef4\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u5378\u8f7dNginx<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nginx\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d41\u884c\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eApache\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5nginx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2460\u4e0b\u8f7dnginx<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/download.html\">https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/download.html<\/a> \u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528filezilla\uff09\uff1a #wget \u5730\u5740 \u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7dnginx\u5230\u201c\/usr\/local\/src\u201d\uff08\u5148\u7528cd\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8be5\u8def\u5f84\uff09 #wget <a href=\"https:\/\/nginx.org\/download\/nginx-1.13.11.tar.gz\">https:\/\/nginx.org\/download\/nginx-1.13.11.tar.gz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2461\u89e3\u538bnginx\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#tar -zxvf nginx-1.13.11.tar.gz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2462\u8fdb\u5165nginx\u89e3\u538b\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\u5019\u62a5\u9519\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709PCRE\u5e93<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f4\u63a5yum\u5b89\u88c5pcre-devel\uff1a #yum install pcre-devel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62a5\u9519\u7f3a\u5c11zlib\u5e93<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528yum\u5b89\u88c5zlib\u5e93\uff1a #yum install zlib-devel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2azlib\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u538b\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7ec8\u7684nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a #.\/configure &#8211;prefix=\/usr\/local\/nginx &#8211;with-pcre &#8211;with-zlib=\/usr\/local\/src\/zlib-1.2.11<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f00\u59cb\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a #make<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a #make install<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463\u8fd0\u884cnginx \u5148\u505c\u6b62Apache\uff0c\uff08service httpd stop\uff09\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fd0\u884cnginx<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#\/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx \u3010\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u3011 #\/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -s reload \u3010\u91cd\u8f7d\uff0c\u91cd\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2464\u4e86\u89e3\uff1a\u5378\u8f7d\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6 #rm -rf \u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5378\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u5173\u4e8eLAMP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LAMP\uff1aLinux + Apache + MySQL + PHP LAMP\u67b6\u6784\uff08\u7ec4\u5408\uff09 LNMP\uff1aLinux + Nginx + MySQL + php-fpm LNMP\u67b6\u6784\uff08\u7ec4\u5408\uff09 LNMPA\uff1aLinux + Nginx + MySQL + PHP + Apache Nginx\u4ee3\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001LAMP\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\u767b\u5f55\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u83b7\u53d6\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673aip\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6574\u4e2aLAMP\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ea\u6709Apache + PHP + Mysql\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u4ee5yum\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001PHP\u4e0eApache\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#yum install php \u3010\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u597dphp\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u987a\u5e26\u5b89\u88c5Apache\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u542f\u52a8Apache\uff1a#service httpd start<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6b64\u5904\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684FQDN\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539Apache\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#vim \/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u201cServerName\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\u524d\u9762\u7684\u201c#\u201d\u53bb\u9664\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u91cd\u542fapache<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u5740\u680f\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165ip\u5730\u5740\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff08\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d4b\u8bd5php\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Apache\u7ad9\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\/var\/www\/html\uff09\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aindex.php\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd0\u884cphp\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001MySQL\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#yum install mysql-server<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a #service mysqld start \u3010\u542f\u52a8\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#mysql_secure_installation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u767b\u5f55\uff1a #mysql -uroot -p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u767b\u5f55\u4e3b\u673a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u542fMYSQL\u6216\u8005\u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650\uff1a Mysql&gt; flush privileges;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u7aef\u53e3\u653e\u884c \uff0880\u30013306\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528navicat\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u538b\u9879\u76ee\u5305\uff0c\u5c06upload\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ad9\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/var\/www\/html\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460\u4f7f\u7528filezilla\u4e0a\u4f20\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461\u4f20\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u9996\u9875\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884cDZ\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5411\u5bfc a. \u9009\u62e9\u540c\u610f\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. \u8d4b\u4e88\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#chmod 777 -R \/var\/www\/html\uff08-R\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#yum install php-mysqli<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u542fApache<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u540e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u90fd\u662f\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u52fe\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c. \u9009\u62e9DZ\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">d. \u586b\u5199\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">e. \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">f. \u9996\u9875<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4 \u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4 1\u3001ls\u6307\u4ee4\uff08list\uff09 \u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[7,13],"class_list":["post-96","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jsj","tag-linux","tag-13"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":359,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96\/revisions\/359"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kirasu.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}